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Artificial Intelligence Solves Decades-Old Puzzle in Quantum Field Theory Simulations A long-standing problem in particle physics has finally been resolved: how best to formulate quantum field theories on a lattice so they can be efficiently simulated on computers. The breakthrough, scientists say, has come from artificial intelligence (AI) . Why Quantum Field Theories Are So Hard to Simulate Quantum field theories underpin modern physics , explaining how particles behave and interact. Yet many of the field's most challenging questions cannot be solved with traditional mathematics alone and instead vast and highly complex computer simulations . The difficulty lies in the fact that quantum field theories can be implemented on computers in many different ways. While these approaches should, in theory, produce the same physical results, their practical performance varies dramatically. Related science and physics reporting Searching for the Optimal Lattice Formulation Some lattice f...

Scientists Discover String Theory Explains Why Biological Networks Take Their Shape For more than a hundred years, scientists have puzzled over why physical networks — such as blood vessels, neurons, tree branches and biological systems — take the shapes they do. The dominant idea was that nature designs these structures to be as efficient as possible, using the least amount of material . Yet repeated attempts to test this idea using standard mathematical optimization models consistently failed to match reality. Related science and discovery coverage A Shift in Perspective Solves a Century-Old Puzzle The flaw, it seems, was a matter of perspective . Researchers were thinking in one dimension when the problem demanded three . "We were treating these structures like wire diagrams ," explains Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute physicist Xiangyi Meng, PhD . "But they are not thin wires — they are three-dimensional physical objects with surfaces that must joi...

Nuclear Physics Breakthrough: New Calculation Links Disparate Pion Reactions Introduction to the Groundbreaking Lattice QCD Calculation A physicist at the early stage of their career has made a mathematical breakthrough linking timelike and spacelike from factors, offering new pathways to understanding force. This innovative lattice QCD calculation establishes a connection between two  previously unrelated  reactions involving the pion, the lightest particle influenced by the strong interaction. Felipe Ortega-Gama's Early research and Mentorship at Jefferson Lab Undergraduate Research and Mentorship at  Tecnológico  de Monterrey During his undergraduate studies at  Tecnológico de Monterrey, Mexico, Felipe Ortega-Gama participated in the U.S. Department of Energy's Science Undergraduate Laboratory Internships program at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. Under the mentorship of  Raúl Briceño , a staff scientist at the lab's Center for Theore...