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CERN Scientists Observe Quark Wake in Primordial Plasma, Revealing How the Universe First Flowed Just after the Big Bang , the newborn universe was an intensely hot sea of quarks and gluons , heated to- trillions of degrees . These particles shot around at near light speed , forming a fleeting substance called Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) that existed for only millionths of a second . As temperatures fell, the plasma cooled and condensed, giving rise to protons, neutrons and the fundamental matter that makes up the universe today. Related cosmic and physics coverage Recreating the Universe's First Moments at CERN Scientists at CERN's Large Hadron Collider are now recreating this early cosmic state to better understand how the universe began. By colliding heavy ions enormous energies, they can momentarily recreate quark-gluon plasma and study matter as it existed in the universe's first instants . More science and environment research Breakthrough Discovery of Quark Wake Effe...

New ATLAS Analysis Reveals Strong Evidence of Higgs Boson Decay Into Muon-Antimuon Pair Higgs Boson Research Advances With New 3.4 σ  Findings Evidence Builds at CERN's Large Hadron Collider Although theorized for decades, the Higgs boson was only confirmed in 2012 at CERN's Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Since that landmark discovery, scientists have continued to scrutinize it at the LHC. A new analysis from CERN researchers now brings together data from the last two runs of ATLAS — one of the LHC's main detectors — to present evidence that the Higgs boson can decay into a muon-antimuon pair. Published in Physical Review Letters, the study reports a combined significance of 3.4 standard deviations above background noise, surpassing the previous 3.0 standard-deviation result from CMS. The Higgs Mechanism and Particle Mass Understanding Mass Through Higgs Field Interactions Physicists have strong motivation for pursuing this specific Higgs boson decay. In the peculiar realm o...

Soft Unclustered Energy at 13 TeV: A First Search in Proton-Proton Collisions Introduction to Hidden Valley Models and SUEPs Many physics studies aim to ex perimentally uncover exotic  phenomena extending beyond the Standard Model (SM), as outlined by theoretical frameworks. Among these are hidden valley models, which  pro pose a dark sector where  particles interact via a strong, dark force. These models  predict  particles and interactions with unique decay characteristics. CMS Collaboration's Groundbreaking Search for SUEPs In a recent  publication in Physical Review Letters , researchers from the CMS (Com pact Muon Solenoid ) collaboration at CERN reported the results of the first search for soft unclustered energy  patterns (SUEPs), a unique signal  predicted by hidden valley models in high-energy  particle collisions. SUEPs and Their Role in Extending the Standard Model "SUEPs belong to a broader class of theories aimed at extending t...

Exploring ¹⁰⁰Sn: Strong Evidence for its Rare Doubly Magic Properties Introduction New experiments at CERN have provided valuable insights into the nuclear characteristics of atomic nuclei, which make up the majority of atomic mass. A major focus has been on understanding Tin-100 ( ¹⁰⁰Sn ), a rare isotope with an equal number of protons and neutrons — 50 each. Magic Numbers in Nuclear Physics In nuclear physics, these particular counts of protons and neutrons are termed ' magic numbers .' This designation indicates that the isotope possesses fully filled proton and neutron shells, resulting in an exceptionally stable nuclear configuration. Breakthrough Findings on Tin-100 A team of researchers from MIT, the university of Manchester, CERN, KU Leuven, and other institutions recently presented compelling evidence indicating that Tin-100 ( ¹⁰⁰Sn ) exhibits a doubly magic nucleus. Published in Nature Physics , their findings pave the way for groundbreaking research to test and refi...