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Inspiration from Nature: Wing Dynamics in Robotic Systems Insights from EPFL and Konkuk University Numerous flying robotic systems draw inspiration from the wing dynamics of animal s pecies. Birds and bats ty pically em ploy their  pectoral and wing muscles for wing fla p ping, whereas the intricacies of insect wing movements are not yet fully understood. Scientists at EPFL and Konkuk University have explored how rhinoceros beetles, herbivorous insects, de ploy and retract their wings. Their findings,  published in Nature , ins pired the develo pment of a fla p ping Microrobot that  passively de ploys and retracts its wings without requiring extensive actuators. Theoretical Models and Methodologies 'Theoretical models suggest that beetles, like other insects, employ thoracic muscles at the wing bases for active wing de ployment and retraction, similar to avian and chiro pteran s pecies,' Hoang-Vu Phan, the lead author, conveyed to Tech X plore. 'Nevertheless, current me...